This issue digs deep for sure. I am from Vancouver, which was one of the first places to get hit with fentanyl 3-4 years ago. So many of my friends dropped dead from a night out partying because their drugs were contaminated with a tiny bit. I feel like a survivor. The last keiser report went over the numbers and the spike in deaths has actually brought down life expectancy the past few years, its that bad. As far as solutions, the rat park experiment confirms what many of us already know, that poor living conditions and a lack of family and friends leads to substance dependancies. In this experiment, there were two groups of rats with heroin dependencies, one had a nice "rat park" environment and lived with other rats , the other group was isolated in cages, both had access to heroin. While the rats in the cages continued to be dependant on heroin, the rats in the park actually deliberately tried to get off the heroin , and their friends helped them. Even though they were physically withdrawing, they still resisted going back to the heroin when they had emotional support and a good environment. If you get put in a cage and fed poison its hard to see better days, so the first step is giving people their dignity back.